There’s not a whole lot you can do with f2p unfortunately, but you can access certain nightfalls, normal and competitive crucible (not trials tho), the VoG and Kings Fall raids, The Prophecy dungeon, and all patrol zones except for the pale heart. If you play routinely and grind your -blam!- off you’ll get good enough stuff to actively do the harder stuff like nightfalls and the above mentioned raids and dungeon. You also need people to play with or at minimum a mic/discord to do raids.